Geological overview map of the Federal Republic of Germany 1:200,000 (GÜK200) - CC 3910 Bielefeld

On Blatt Bielefeld, the north German lowlands are bounded to the south by the Mesozoic mountain ranges of the Wiehengebirge and the Teutoburg Forest. In the southwest corner of the map section, a small part of the Münster chalk basin is also cut. The morphology of the North German lowlands is shaped by the Ice Age. The quaternary cover layer in the map section is dominated by boulder clays from the Saale glacial ground moraine. Fluvial deposits from the Vistula glaciation are also widespread in the river valleys and depressions. Aeolian formations such as loess and drifting sand also occur. The mountain ranges on the southern edge of the North German lowlands are formed by Mesozoic sedimentary rocks. From the Upper Jurassic to the Tertiary, they were subject to intermittent tectonic deformations, which resulted in numerous faults and a typical fault block structure. A special feature is the Ibbenbürener Scholle, where layers of the Upper Carboniferous with deposits of hard coal are deposited on the surface as a result of fracture tectonic processes. As a result of the stratification shifts, different Mesozoic strata appear in the mountain ranges. While in the Wiehengebirge predominantly sedimentary rocks of the Middle and Upper Jurassic are found, older strata of the Triassic are also found in the Teutoburg Forest in addition to Jurassic. Cretaceous sediments form the ridge of the Teutoburg Forest and mark the curved edge of the Münstersche Kreidesenke, which adjoins to the southwest and is filled with thick sediment layers of the Upper Cretaceous (marl and limestone up to a depth of 2000 m). The Piesberg-Pyrmonter axis stretches between the Teutoburg Forest and the Wiehengebirge, a structural bulge that reveals Upper Paleozoic (Upper Carboniferous and Zechstein) sedimentary rocks in the area around Osnabrück, e.g. B. Westphalian Ausbiss in the hill south-east of Hasbergen. In addition to the legend, which provides information about the age, genesis and petrography of the units shown, a geological profile provides additional insights into the structure of the subsoil. The southwest-northeast section crosses the Munster Cretaceous Basin, the fault block structure of the Mesozoic mountain ranges and the North German lowlands.